Charles H. Foster of New York and Ada Issacs Menken ニューヨークのチャールズ・H．フォスターとエイダ・アイザック・メンケン

MUMLER, who worked in New York and Boston, is considered to the first spirit photographer. In 1860, he declared that he had the ability to take portraits of people with the spirits of their late family members or lovers. By making a double exposure of two different negatives on photographic paper, MUMLER created pictures that juxtaposed his client’s portrait with a spirit. This proved to be a commercially viable approach. MUMLER is also known for a circa-1870 portrait of Mary Todd Lincoln, American President Abraham Lincoln’s widow, with her dead husband’s “ghost.”